are polish and ukrainian mutually intelligible

These 4 main Polish dialects are: Greater Polish, which is spoken in the west of the country. As an addendum, Id like to make it known that my own grandmother, who hails from a village some twenty kilometers southwest of Ni, got lost in Belgrade once but has no problem getting around Skopje. Polish and Ukrainian have higher lexical similarity at 72%, and Ukrainian intelligibility of Polish is ~50%+. In Serbian word order is not that important like it is in English. In the evening of the first day it reaches 93%, in a week 95%, all unsupervised, almost effortlessly, just by being there, watching, listening, talking and asking for an explanation here and there. 2 Ukrainian Phrasebook And Dictionary Paperback 1-03-2023 Mutually Intelligible? Torlakians are often said to speak Bulgarian, but this is not exactly the case. In other respects I am happy to say I manage to keep my identity clear of any overt nationalist definitions Macedonian and Bulgarian would be much closer together except that in recent years, Macedonian has been heavily influenced by Serbo-Croatian, and Bulgarian has been heavily influenced by Russian. . This is a Chakavian-Slovenian transitional lect that is hard to categorize, but it is usually considered to be a Slovenian dialect. I speak tokavski croatian (and can read and understand serbian (both cyrillic and latin) and can adapt my croatian to be more serbian grammatically and with vocabulary) and just recently I had a conversation where I spoke croatian and the other person spoke polish. The British Academy funded research project dedicated to examining mutual intelligibility between Karakalpak, Kazakh and Uzbek languages is currently under way at the, This page was last edited on 6 February 2023, at 16:40. The literary language itself is no longer written, but works written in it are still used in public for instance in dramas and church masses (Jembrigh 2014). Writing in Chakavian started very early in the Middle Ages and began to slow down in the 1500s when writing in Kajkavian began to rise. It is difficult to get a high-paying job that requires skill and . My family comes from Kaikavian (50%), Chakavian (25%) and Shtokavian (25%) areas, but at home, especially last years, we prefer to use only Kaikavian-Chakavian. But being that they are Slavic with the same or similar grammar and structure you pick up different slavic languages and their style very quick. Ive been following this page and kept coming to it for the past months, actually more than a year (and have noticed some updates). I speak Slovenian and Croats think that I can speak Kaikavian. What language is this? Russian is actually a little further, but most Belarusian speakers are bilingual (Bel-Rus) and most Ukrainian . Of course, the interviews are subtitled in Macedonian, but even an untrained ear and eye can see how similar these languages are. BULGARIAN (transferred to the Latin script): algarskijat ezik e indoevropejski ezik ot grupata na junoslavjanskite ezici. They give you strict % figures, and it is pretty amazing. Some say it is a part of Czech, but more likely it is a part of Polish like Silesian. A primary challenge to these positions is that speakers of closely related languages can often communicate with each other effectively if they choose to do so. Polish and Ukrainian mutual intelligibility question. Eastern Slovak may have 72% intelligibility of Ukrainian. It is an official language of the Bulgarian republic and one of 23 official languages of the European Union. You get 0%. But I can tell you this. In the case of transparently cognate languages officially recognized as distinct such as Spanish and Italian, mutual intelligibility is in principle and in practice not binary (simply yes or no), but occurs in varying degrees, subject to numerous variables specific to individual speakers in the context of the communication. However, many of these dialects are at least partially mutually intelligible. Spanish is most mutually intelligible with Galician. This makes Polish a much much easier language to learn than Russian. The Rusyn language is composed of 50% Slovak roots and 50% Ukrainian roots, so some difficult intelligibility with Ukrainian might be expected. Slovak: 20% So I understood 100% But I admit that it was a relatively very easy text. Spanish is also partially mutually intelligible with Italian, Sardinian and French, with respective lexical similarities of 82%, 76% and 75%. It is more like the other slavic languages (v instead of u, z instead of s, itd, less vowels, and no distinction between and ). Borg, Albert J.; Azzopardi-Alexander, Marie (1997). .Interestingly, Ukrainians can understand the Russian language better than the Russians would understand the Ukrainian. Ni Torlak vowel reflexes are otherwise in line with standard Serbian and Northwestern Macedonian, deriving nuclear /u e i e u r/ from / y * *l *r/; some Torlak dialects towards Kosovo or Bulgaria instead have [l ~ l] for /l/ (giving [v()l(:)k] where Serbian normally has [v:k]) but none in my vicinity. Balgarski is balgarskijat, grupa is grupata, oficialni is oficijalnijat etc. Heres his interview with Bosnian figures, and Bosnian is part of B/H/S landscape Belarussian is nonetheless a separate language from both Ukrainian and Russian. An example of equal treatment of Malaysian and Indonesian: the, List of dialects or varieties sometimes considered separate languages, List of languages sometimes considered varieties, North Germanic languages Mutual intelligibility, Learn how and when to remove this template message, considered separate languages only for political reasons, "Listening instruction and patient safety: Exploring medical English as a lingua franca (MELF) for nursing education", "The Contribution of Linguistic Factors to the Intelligibility of Closely Related Languages", "Taking taxonomy seriously in linguistics: Intelligibility as a criterion of demarcation between languages and dialects", "uvalar: The Internal Classification & Migration of Turkic Languages", "Mutual Comprehensibility of Written Afrikaans and Dutch: Symmetrical or Asymmetrical? How much Slovene can your average Chakavian speaker understand? Russia) in Canada, and they barely can understand standard Ukrainian. The problem is that native speakers can understand other speakers of their own language. Czech and Slovak are more intelligible to me then Slovenian with Slovak more so then Czech. KajkavianCroatian, spoken in northwest Croatia and similar to Slovenian, is not intelligible with Standard Croatian. I've ne. http://www.network54.com/Forum/84302/thread/1284248981/last-1288620675/The+real+9-11+cover+up-+Political+hijacking++was+originally+aimed+at+Russia, http://www.network54.com/Forum/84302/thread/1289113786/last-1289113786/British+intelligence+links+to+African+Emabssy+bombings, http://www.btinternet.com/~nlpwessex/Documents/sheikhmedia.htm, http://www.fbi.gov/wanted/wanted_terrorists/usama-bin-laden/view, http://ifaq.wap.org/society/voweldeployment.html, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=58Aog4AJdQM, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U1n9KMawa-8, https://www.academia.edu/4080349/Mutual_Intelligibility_of_Languages_in_the_Slavic_Family, http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11185-015-9150-9, https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA, Alt Left: Ukrainian Nazis Execute Two of Their Own Men for Refusing to Fight, The Conquest of Germany and Japan Never Ended, Protected: Post to Discuss All of the Various POIs and Theories in the Delphi Murders from the Crime to the Present, Protected to Avoid Libel and Character Assassination Part 10, NATO Helped the Ukrainians Fire All Those Drones at Russia, Including all the Way to Moscow, The Conquest and Destruction of Russia Project Goes Way Back to Post World War 2, The Jewish Conspiracy To Subject Humankind. Crazy! This is not the case, as all figures were derived from estimates by native speakers themselves, often a number of estimates averaged together. Robert Lindsay, Independent Journalist: l Talk about Things You're Not Supposed to Talk About. I would be able to translate what he says! This understanding can be in spoken or written communication. IOW, I think there are two languages Czech and Slovak and I do not agree that they are the same language with two dialects. Slovenian speakers find it hard to understand most of the other Yugoslav lects except for Kajkavian Croatian. Is Ukrainian closer to Russian or Polish? Ive yet to see a speaker of BCS that recognizes the obvious: these three languages are just the same. There are distinct regional variations of Arabic. The revelation comes from General Musharrafs memoir, In the Line of Fire, which begins serialisation in The Times today and will further embarrass the White House at a time when relations between the US and Pakistan are already strained.. Pakistani intelligence chiefs are concerned that General Musharraf may jeopardise their relationship with British intelligence agencies after claiming that a convicted terrorist was once an MI6 informer. General Musharraf says that Sheikh, who orchestrated the abduction, was recruited by MI6 while he was studying at the London School of Economics and sent to the Balkans to take part in jihad operations there. Jen. There are new scientific figures for Czech-Slovak, Czech-Serbo-Croatian and Czech-Bulgarian. Other Western Slovak speakers (Bratislava) say that Eastern Slovak (Kosice) is hard to understand. Serbians and Bosnians not so such. Although most words are in fact different, they are largely similar, being cognates, which makes both languages mutually intelligible to a significant extent; . Nevertheless, most Bulgarians over the age of 30-35 understand Russian well since studying Russian was mandatory under Communism. I see your point, and I agree: there must be a difference in method when determining linguistic intelligibility based on different populations. Ukrainians needs to make small preparation to become able for listening comprehension of Polish. But which languages in the world are actually closest to . If you're a foreign student, studying russian, it's unlikely you'd be able to understand Ukrainian at all. Spoken Bulgarian is very difficult to understand for other Slavs due to phonology and unique syllable stress. Rather than 95%, or 85%. Here are three critical ways in which Bulgarian and Russian speakers differ. Vitebsk, Belarus. I can understand quite a bit of basic polish when it is spoken on the street, but their pronunciation is so weird its hard to notice sometimes. 50% [2] As a consequence, spoken mutual intelligibility is not reciprocal. Even the basic words are almost the same. @AJ Lach is a Czech-Polish transitional lect with a close relationship with Cieszyn Silesian. I work with Russians (dro. Some people in Croatia asked me if I speak Kajkavian when I spoke Slovenian with my friends. [4], Some linguists use mutual intelligibility as a primary criterion for determining whether two speech varieties represent the same or different languages. It seems polish and bulgarian are the easiest for me to understand (save for bosnian, serbian, and crnogorski). I have friends from Bulgaria and I can tell you that they have problems by understanding some things. If you choose to study a language thats mutually intelligible with one you already know, chances are youll have to put a lot less work in than if you were learning a language from scratch. Clearly it WAS the Illuminati at workI guess the planes were flown by shapeshifting lizards, toooh, come to think of it, isnt George Bush Junior a lizard, too! Map; Russia's Periphery* Baltic States. Polish 5 % spoken, 20 % written Thanks for clearing this up! The Torlakian spoken in the southeast is different. some things in this article are heavily exaggerated. The differences to me are like New England English versus English in the deep South versus Australian. I use Ethnologues list of languages and dialects, but extend it a bit. However, any suggestions that Kajkavian is a separate language are censored on Croatian TV (Jembrigh 2014). Scientific intelligibility studies of Czech and Slovak have shown ~82% quite high but still low enough for them to be closely related separate languages and not dialects of one language. The translation is not very problematic. When I was first exposed to spoken BCS, the most significant issue was their prosody, because the vocabulary and the grammar presented very little difficulty for me as a Ukrainian/Russian bilingual. But then the second older guy from Bosnia (Filipovi) appeared on the screen and wow! Do Ukrainians and Polish like each other? One way to look at Macedonian is that it is a Serbo-Croatian-Bulgarian transitional lect. Polish and Ukrainian have higher lexical similarity at 72%, and Ukrainian intelligibility of Polish is ~50%+. Tunisian Arabic is also considered mutually intelligible with Maltese, particularly with regards to idiomatic expressions. I can read and understand a lot of Bulgarian in written form, its basically old slavic , many such words are simply obsolete or archaic in modern serbian, but i do get the gist of any written article. Or when I heard the word pobrzajte (hurry up (plural)) it was very interesting to me. Give me a figure in % for the Rusyn if you would. This stuff is not all that controversial. I would hazzard to say that Polish and Czech languages are at minimum 50% Intelligible and comprehensible between Poles and Czechs (when spoken with normal pace ) and at least 60-70% . It consists of at least four major dialects, Ekavian Chakavian, spoken on the Istrian Peninsula, Ikavian Chakavian, spoken in southwestern Istria, the islands of Bra, Hvar, Vis, Korula, and olta, the Peljeac Peninsula, the Dalmatian coast at Zadar, the outskirts of Split and inland at Gacka, Middle Chakavian, which is Ikavian-Ekavian transitional, and Ijekavian Chakavian, spoken at the far southern end of the Chakavian language area on Lastovo Island, Janjina on the Peljeac Peninsula, and Bigova in the far south near the border with Montenegro. Im Slovenian, my mother tongue is Slovenian, however I have also learnt Serbo-Croatian from a very early age. This is not necessarily correct in terms of vocabulary, but you will find a lot in common in the grammatical rules . And Shtokavian is dialect of Serbian language. When there, they have to pass a language test. Maybe its a lack of vocabulary, but I havent heard that word from someone personally yet. Or maybe you are just a gatekeeper. Serbo-Croatian and Russian have 10-15% intelligibility, if that, yet written intelligibility is higher at 25%. Still others (for example, Voegelin and Voegelin 1977) recognize just two main dialect groups: Eastern and Western Ukrainian. Bulgarian is a pluricentric language it has several literary norms. It depends which dialect. Much of my vocabulary simply isnt present in their lects, even when I try and align myself to speak more in line with the norm. Those 12% in Polish are very dubious as well. We speak them too. "A New Methodology for Romance Classification". While Norway was under Danish rule, the Bokml written standard of Norwegian developed from Dano-Norwegian, a koin language that evolved among the urban elite in Norwegian cities during the later years of the union. Mi priamo Hrvatski jezik in neotokavian. . For example, those who learn Ukrainian will eventually know 70% of Polish lexicon and a . Grammar is almost identical. Its often said that all Slavic languages are mutually intelligible with each other. For example, all Russian shows get subtitles on Ukrainian TV. http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11185-015-9150-9 There is a group of Bulgarians living in Serbia in the areas of Bosilegrad and Dimitrovgrad who speak a Bulgarian-Serbian transitional dialect, and Serbs are able to understand these Bulgarians well. Some famous linguists who are acquaintances of mine (they have Wikipedia pages) told me that they thought that 90% was a good metric. ago. So, i've been interested about how much Polish speakers can understand Ukrainian without learning the language, but, most results i found said it's not really mutually intelligible, despite sharing alot or some words. Cieszyn Silesian or Ponaszymu is a language closely related to Silesian spoken in Czechoslovakia in the far northeast of the country near the Polish and Slovak borders. Macedonian side, the situation is more complicated (i will explain later). Yet we speak of Kai/Cha as of Serbo-Croatian dialects, while Slovenian is totally foreign. Hello can I use your comments in a paper I am writing? I once had a conversation with a young woman from the Czech Republic. https://www.academia.edu/4080349/Mutual_Intelligibility_of_Languages_in_the_Slavic_Family If the central varieties die out and only the varieties at both ends survive, they may then be reclassified as two languages, even though no actual language change has occurred during the time of the loss of the central varieties. That is ~90% our language. Older people who rembember federation understand everything. As far as grammars are concerned (declension and conjugation), they are so similar that there is almost no effort in understanding that this noun is, for example, in dative plural, and that verb is imperfective past. That being said, the line between a language and a dialect is often blurred. In terms of pronunciation, Ukrainian or Southeastern Yiddish can be considered to occupy an intermediate position between Northeastern and Central Yiddish. So I understand Kajkavians and Slovenes except for a germanic package. akavski has considerably more italian influence, due to many of the people there speaking italian (vicinity to italy) and the presence of istriot language and the former presence of dalmatian language. I could try. No idea, but if they are fairly intelligent as she sounds like she is, you might be shocked at how she might be able to rattle off some estimated figures like that. ENGLISH: Bulgarian language is an Indo-European language from the group of South-Slavic languages.

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